Totalling or Totaling: Understanding the Correct Spelling

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Written By Daisy Zara

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The English language often surprises us with its quirks, and the difference between “totalling” and “totaling” is a perfect example. Both forms are correct, but their usage depends on the style of English—British or American. This guide will explain their meanings, differences, and how to use them properly in different contexts.

What Does “Totalling” or “Totaling” Mean?

“Totalling” and “totaling” both refer to the act of adding things up to reach a total. They mean the same thing but are spelled differently depending on the region. In British English, “totalling” is the standard spelling, while American English prefers “totaling.”

The root word “total” comes from the Latin word “totus,” meaning “whole” or “entire.” Over time, the English language adopted the word, and regional spelling variations emerged. This pattern also applies to words like “travelling” vs. “traveling” and “colour” vs. “color.”

Totalling vs. Totaling: Key Differences Explained

Why Is There Confusion Between the Two Spellings?

The confusion stems from the different rules followed in British and American English. In British English, the final consonant is often doubled before adding “ing” or “ed” if the preceding vowel is stressed. For example, “totalling” follows this rule. However, American English simplifies this by dropping the second “l,” resulting in “totaling.”

The Influence of Regional English (British vs. American)

British English tends to preserve older spelling conventions, while American English focuses on simplicity and phonetic spelling. These differences, popularized by Noah Webster in the 19th century, aim to make the language easier to learn. As a result, many words like “centre” vs. “center” and “labour” vs. “labor” show similar patterns to “totalling” vs. “totaling.”

Examples of Totalling and Totaling in Context

Here’s how the two spellings appear in real-world sentences:

SentenceRegionPreferred Spelling
The accountant is totalling expenses.British EnglishTotalling
She is totaling the sales figures.American EnglishTotaling

Usage Scenarios: When to Use Totalling or Totaling

Example: Writing to a British Client

When addressing a British client, it’s better to use “totalling.” British readers expect this spelling and may view “totaling” as incorrect. For example, an email might say, “I am totalling the invoices for your review.”

Example: Writing to an American Client

If your audience is American, “totaling” is the right choice. For example, in a report, you could write, “We are totaling the monthly sales data.” This ensures clarity and professionalism.

Accounting and Financial Usage in British English

In British English, “totalling” is often used in accounting and financial contexts. It conveys precision and adheres to local spelling conventions, making it suitable for formal documents.

Everyday Usage in American English

In the US, “totaling” is the standard form and is used in everyday speech and writing. Whether in casual emails or official reports, this spelling aligns with American English rules.

Synonyms and Alternative Phrases for Totalling and Totaling

Sometimes, it’s helpful to use synonyms or rephrase sentences to avoid confusion. Alternatives include:

  • Adding up
  • Calculating totals
  • Summing

These phrases work well in any context and eliminate the need to worry about regional spelling differences.

Historical Context: Noah Webster’s Role in Spelling Differences

The simplified American spelling we see today is largely credited to Noah Webster, the lexicographer who authored the first American dictionary. Webster believed English should be straightforward and logical, leading him to drop redundant letters. His reforms include changes like “color” instead of “colour” and “program” instead of “programme.” These principles influenced the difference between “totaling” and “totalling.”

British vs. American Spelling: A Detailed Guide

Spelling Conventions in Formal Writing

When writing for a specific audience, always follow their preferred spelling. Use “totalling” for British readers and “totaling” for Americans. This is especially important in academic and business writing.

Tips for Avoiding Confusion

To avoid confusion, check your audience’s location and adjust your spelling accordingly. If unsure, consider using synonyms or neutral phrases that work for all regions.

Totalling or Totaling in Modern Communication

Examples from Emails, Reports, and More

In emails, reports, or any written communication, consistency is key. If you’re writing to a global audience, stick to one spelling throughout the document. Alternatively, use synonyms to sidestep the issue entirely. For example, “calculating totals” works in both British and American English without causing confusion.

Final Thoughts: Choosing the Right Spelling

Choosing between “totalling” and “totaling” depends on your audience and purpose. Both forms are correct but cater to different regions. By understanding their origins, differences, and usage, you can communicate effectively and professionally. When in doubt, use synonyms or neutral phrases to keep your message clear and inclusive.

Understanding these small differences can make a big impact on your writing and how it is received across the globe.

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